Full Description

Carbon dioxide (R-744) is one of the naturally occurring compounds collectively known as "natural refrigerants." It is nonflammable and nontoxic, with no known carcinogenic, mutagenic, or other toxic effects, and no dangerous products of combustion. Using carbon dioxide in refrigerating systems can be considered a form of carbon capture, with a potential beneficial effect on climate change. It has no adverse local environmental effects. Carbon dioxide exists in a gaseous state at normal temperatures and pressures within the Earth’s atmosphere. Currently, the global average concentration of CO2 is approximately 390 ppm by volume.

Chapter Table of Contents

Applications
System Design
System Safety
Piping
Heat Exchangers and Vessels
Compressors for CO2 Refrigeration Systems
Lubricants
Evaporators
Defrost
Installation, Start-up, and Commissioning

Citation: 2010 ASHRAE Handbook -- Refrigeration: Chapter 3, System Practices for Carbon Dioxide Refrigerant